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铸造用英语词汇

2011-10-7

材料成型工艺基础部分 0 绪论 金属材料:metal material (MR) 高分子材料:high-molecular material 陶瓷材料:ceramic material 复合材料:composition material 成形工艺:formation technology 1 铸造 铸造工艺:casting technique 铸件:foundry goods (casting) 机器零件:machine part 毛坯:blank 力学性能:mechanical property 砂型铸造:sand casting process 型砂:foundry sand 1.1 铸件成形理论基础 合金:alloy 铸造性能:casting property 工艺性能:processing property 收缩性:constringency 偏析性:aliquation 氧化性:oxidizability 吸气性:inspiratory 铸件结构:casting structure 使用性能:service performance 浇不足:misrun 冷隔:cold shut 夹渣:cinder inclusion 粘砂:sand fusion 缺陷:flaw, defect, falling 流动性:flowing power 铸型:cast (foundry mold) 蓄热系数:thermal storage capacity 浇注:pouring 凝固:freezing 收缩性:constringency 逐层凝固:layer-by-layer freezing 糊状凝固:mushy freezing 结晶:crystal 缩孔:shrinkage void 缩松:shrinkage porosity 顺序凝固:progressive solidification 冷铁:iron chill 补缩:feeding 等温线法:constant temperature line method 内接圆法:inscribed circle method 铸造应力:casting stress 变形:deforming 裂纹:crack 机械应力:mechanical stress 热应力:heat stress 相变应力:transformation stress 气孔:blow hole 铸铁:ingot 铸钢:cast steel 非铁合金:nonferrous alloy 灰铸铁:gray cast-iorn 孕育处理:inoculation 球墨铸铁:spheroidal 球化处理:sheroidisation 可锻铸铁:ductile cast iron 石墨:graphite 蠕墨铸铁:vermicular cast iron 热处理:heat processing 铝合金:Al-alloy 熔炼:fusion metallurgy 铜合金:copper alloy 氢脆:hydrogen brittleness 1.2 铸造方法 (casting method) 手工造型:hand moulding 机器造型:machine moulding 金属型:metal mold casting 金属模:permanent mould 压力铸造:press casting 熔模铸造:investment moulding 蜡膜:cere 离心铸造:centrifugal casting 低压铸造:casting under low pressure 差压铸造:counter-pressure casting 陶瓷型铸造:shaw process 1.3 铸造工艺设计 浇注位置:pouring position 分型面:mould joint 活块:loose piece 起模:patter drawing 型芯:core 型芯撑:chaplet 工艺参数:processing parameter 下芯:core setting 合型:mould assembly 冒口:casting head 尺寸公差:dimensional tolerance 尺寸公差带:tolerance zone 机械加工余量:machining allowance 铸孔:core hole 非标准:nonstandard label 收缩率:rate of contraction 线收缩:linear contraction 体收缩:volume contraction 起模斜度:pattern draft 铸造圆角:curving of castings 芯头:core register 芯头间隙:clearance 芯座:core print seat 分型线:joint line 分模线:die parting line 1.4 铸造结构工艺性 加强筋:rib reinforcement 撒砂:stuccoing 内腔:entocoele 2 金属塑性加工 塑性加工:plastic working 塑性:plastic property 锻造:forge work 冲压:punching 轧制:rolling 拉拔:drawing 挤压:extruding 细化晶粒:grain refinement 热锻:hit-forging 温锻:warm forging 2.1 金属塑性加工理论基础 塑性变形:plastic yield 加工硬化:work-hardening 韧性:ductility 回复温度:return temperature 再结晶:recrystallize 再结晶退火:full annealing 冷变形:cold deformation 热变性:heat denaturation 锻造比:forging ratio 镦粗:upset 拔长:pull out 纤维组织:fibrous tissue 锻造性能:forging property 可锻性:forgeability 变形抗力:resistance of deformation 化学成分:chemical constitution 热脆性:hot brittleness 冷脆性:cold-shortness 变形速度:deformation velocity 应力状态:stress condition 变形温度:deformation temperature 过热:overheating 过烧:burning 脱碳:carbon elimination 始锻温度:initiation forging temperature 终锻温度:final forging temperature 2.2 金属塑性加工方法 自由锻:flat-die hammer 冲孔:jetting 弯曲:bend 弯曲半径:bending radius 切割:cut 扭转:twist rotation 错移:offsetting 锻接:percussion 基本工序:basic process 辅助工序:auxiliary process 精整工序:finishing process 模锻:contour forging 锻模:forging die 胎膜锻:fetal membrane forging 剪床:shearing machine 冲床:backing-out punch 冲裁:blanking 弹性变形:elastic distortion 塑性变形:plastic yield 剪切变形:shearing deformation 最小弯曲半径:minimum bending radius 曲率:angularity 弯裂:rupture 回弹:rebound 辊轧:roll forming 辊锻:roll forging 斜轧:oblique rolling 横轧:transverse rolling 辗压:tamping drum 挤压:extruding 拉拔:draft 2.3 塑性加工工艺设计 工艺规程:process specification 锻件图:forging drawing 敷料:dressing 锻件余量:forging allowance 锻件公差:forging tolerance 工夹具:clamping apparatus 加热设备:firing equipment 加热规范:heating schedule 冷却规范:cooling schedule 后续处理:after treatment 分模面:die parting face 冲孔连皮:punching the wad 模锻斜度:draft angle 圆角半径:radius of corner 圆饼类锻件:circumcresent cake-like forging 长轴类锻件:long axis-like forging 2.4 锻件结构工艺性 锥体:cone 斜面:cant 空间曲线:curve in space 粗糙度:degree of roughness 2.5 冲压件结构工艺性 3 焊接 焊接:welding 铆接:riverting 熔焊:fusion welding 压焊:press welding 钎焊:braze welding 3.1 焊接理论基础 冶金:metallurgy 电弧焊:arc welding 气焊:acetylene welding 电渣焊:electro-slag welding 高能束焊:high energy welding 电子焊:electronic welding 激光焊:laser welding 等离子焊:plasma welding 电弧:electric arc 阳极区:anode region 阴极区:negative polarity 弧柱区:arc stream 正接法:electrode negative method 反接法:opposition method 脱氧剂:deoxidizing agent 焊缝:welded seam 焊缝区:weld zone 熔合区:fusion area 热影响区:heat-affected zone 脆性断裂:brittle fracture 过热区:overheated zone 正火区:normalized zone 相变区:phase change zone 焊接应力:welding stress 收缩变形:contraction distortion 角变形:angular deformation 弯曲变形:bend deformation 扭曲变形:warping deformation 波浪变形:wave transformation 反变形法:reversible deformation method 刚性固定法:rigid fixing method 预热:warming-up 缓冷:slow cool 焊后热处理:postweld heat treatment 矫形处理:shape-righting 3.2 焊接方法 埋弧焊:hidden arc welding 气体保护焊:gas shielded arc welding 氩弧焊:argon welding 熔化极氩弧焊:consumable electrode argon welding 钨极氩弧焊:argon tungsten-arc welding 二氧化碳气体保护焊:CO2 gas shielded arc welding 碳弧焊:carbon arc welding 碳弧气刨:carbon arc air gouging 电渣焊:electro-slag welding 高能焊:high grade energy welding 等离子弧切割:plasma arc cutting (PAC) 堆焊:bead weld 电阻焊:resistance welding 电焊:electric welding 缝焊:seam welding 压焊:press welding 多点凸焊:multiple projection welding 对焊:welding neck 摩擦焊:friction welding 扩散焊:diffusion welding 硬钎料:brazing alloy 软钎料:soft solder 3.3 常用金属材料的焊接 焊接性:weldability 焊接方法:welding method 焊接材料:welding material 焊条:electrode 焊剂:flux material 碳素钢:carbon steel 低碳钢:low carbon steel 中碳钢:medium carbon steel 高碳钢:high carbon steel 低合金钢:lean alloy steel 不锈钢:non-corrosive steel 有色金属:nonferrous metal 3.4 焊接工艺设计 型材:sectional bar 药皮:coating 焊丝:soldering wire 连续焊缝:continuous weld 断续焊缝:intermittent weld 应力集中:stress concentration 焊接接头:soldered joint 坡口:groove 对接:abutting joint 搭接:lap joint 角接:corner joint 4 粉末冶金(power metallurgy) 粉末冶金成品:finished power metallurgical product 铁氧体:ferrite 硬质合金:sintered-carbide 高熔点金属:high-melting metal 陶瓷:ceramic 4.1 粉末冶金工艺理论基础 压坯:pressed compact 扩散:diffusion 烧结:agglomeration 固溶: solid solubility 化合:combination 4.2 粉末冶金的工艺流程 制备:preparation 预处理:anticipation 还原法:reduction method 电解法:electrolytic method 雾化法:atomization 粒度:grain size 松装密度:loose density 流动性:flowing power 压缩性:compressibility 筛分:screen separation 混合:compounding 制粒:pelletization 过烧:superburning 欠烧:underburnt 5 金属复合成型技术 自蔓延焊接:SHS welding 热等静压:HIP 准热等静压:PHIP 5.1 液态成型技术与固态成型技术的复合 高压铸造:high-pressure casting 电磁泵:magnetic-pump 压射成型:injection molding 柱塞:plunger piston 冲头:drift pin 凝固法:freezing method 挤压法:extrusion method 转向节:knuckle pivot 制动器:arresting gear 5.2 金属半凝固、半熔融成型技术 凝固:freezing 半熔融:semi-vitreous 触变铸造:thixotropy casting 触变锻造:thixotropy forging 注射成型:injection molding 5.3 其他金属成型新技术 快速凝固:flash set 非晶态:amorphous 溢流法:press over system 喷射沉积:ejecting deposit 爆炸复合法:explosion cladding method 扩散焊接:diffusion welding 挤压:extruding 轧制:roll down 6 非金属材料成型技术 6.1 高分子材料成型技术 高分子材料:non-metal material 耐腐蚀:resistant material 绝缘:insulation 老化:ageing 耐热性:heat-durability 粘弹性:viscoelasticity 塑料:plastic material 橡胶:rubber 合成纤维:synthetic fibre 涂料:covering material 粘结剂:agglomerant 粘度:viscosity 热塑性塑料:thermoplastic plastics 热固性塑料:thermosetting plastic 通用塑料:general-purpose plastics 工程塑料:engineering plastic 薄膜:thin film 增强塑料:reinforced plastics 浇注塑料:pouring plastics 注射塑料:injiection plastics 挤出塑料:extrusion plastics 吹塑塑料:blowing plastics 模压塑料:die pressing plastics 聚合物:ploymer semiconductor 吸湿性:hygroscopic cargo 定向作用:directional action 生胶:green glue stock 填料:carrier 丁苯橡胶:SBR 顺丁橡胶:BR 氯丁橡胶:CR 丁腈橡胶:NBR 硅橡胶:Q 聚氨酯橡胶:U 压延:calender 硫化:sulfuration 胶粘剂:adhesive 胶接:glue joint 刹车片:brake block 零件修复:parts renewal 蜂窝夹层:honeycomb core material 6.2 工业陶瓷制品的成型技术 干燥:drying 坯料:blank 润滑剂:anti-friction 结合剂:binder 热压铸:hot injiection moulding 6.3 非金属材料成型技术的新进展 热压烧结:hot pressed sintering 7 复合材料的成型技术 复合材料:composite material 树脂:resin 7.1 金属复合材料的成型技术 硼纤维:boron fiber 钛合金:titanium alloy 碳纤维:carbon filter 等离子喷涂:plasma spraying 浸渍法:immersion method 锭坯:ingot blank 7.2 聚合物基复合材料的成型技术 晶须:whisker 缠绕成形:enwind forming 湿法缠绕:wet method enwind 7.3 陶瓷复合材料成型技术 料浆:slurry 溶胶-凝胶法:sol-gel method 化学气相沉积: chemical vapor deposition (CVD) 原位:in situ 8 材料成型方法的选择 粉末冶金:powder metallurgy 工程塑料:engineering plastics 工程陶瓷:engineering ceramics

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